围填海工程对渤海湾余流影响的数值模拟研究

    Numerical Simulation of the Impact of Reclamation Projects on Residual Current in the Bohai Bay

    • 摘要: 余流对水体中污染物的长期迁移和扩散发挥着重要作用,而渤海湾围填海活动造成的岸线变化则导致了余流场发生变化。为探究渤海湾余流场在围填海前后的变化,利用MIKE21软件的水动力模型与拉格朗日粒子追踪模型对渤海湾在围填海前后的水动力场与拉格朗日粒子的运移轨迹进行了模拟,并在此基础上得到了渤海湾的欧拉余流场与精细环流结构。通过对比围填海前后水动力场、余流场和拉格朗日粒子运动轨迹的变化可知:围填海后渤海湾大部分海域的涨落急流速较围填海前均有所减小,填海工程区附近涨落急流向发生改变,近岸及港口附近余流流速发生较大改变。渤海湾的余流存在4个环流结构,其中位于黄骅港与滨州港附近的顺时针环流与南湾口的逆时针环流受围填海作用影响显著。渤海湾整体的环流结构为北进南出,海流从湾口北部流入后向湾内流动,在曹妃甸东南部海域分流成三部分,分别向南、东南、西南流动,其中向西南流动的部分在向湾内传播的过程中以天津港为分界线再次分流,分别参与到天津港南北两侧的环流结构之中。

       

      Abstract: Residual currents play a significent role in long-term transport and diffusion of pollutants in water bodies, and the field of residual currents can be altered by the shoreline changes caused by reclamation activities in the Bohai Bay. In order to investigate the changes of residual current field in the Bohai Bay before and after the reclamation, the hydrodynamic field and the Lagrangian particle moving trajectories in the Bohai Bay before and after the reclamation are simulated by using the hydrodynamic model and Lagrangian particle tracking model of software MIKE21, and the Eulerian residual current field and the detailed circulation structures in the Bohai Bay are obtained. By comparing the changes in hydrodynamic field, residual current field and Lagrangian particle trajectories before and after the reclamation, it can be concluded that after the reclamation the velocities of the maximum flood and ebb currents in most areas of the Bohai Bay are all decreased compared to those before the reclamation, and the directions of the maximum flood and ebb currents are changed in the waters near the reclamation area. The velocities of the residual currents are changed greatly in the waters near the shore and ports. The residual current field in the Bohai Bay exhibits four circulation structures, among which the clockwise circulation located near the Huanghua Port and the Binzhou Port and the counterclockwise circulation located at the southern bay mouth are significantly affected by the reclamation activities. The overall circulation structure in the Bohai Bay follows a pattern of inflow from the north and outflow from the south. After entering the bay from the northern part of the bay mouth, the currents flow inward and diverge into three branches in the southeastern sea area of Caofeidian, which flow southward, southeastward and southwestward, respectively. Of them, the southwestward branch further diverges near the Tianjin Port during the process of its flowing into the bay, and then these branches join the circulation structures on the north and south sides of the Tianjin Port.

       

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