1938—2023年庄河南尖岬角附近淤泥质潮滩地形冲淤演变规律

    Evolution Law of Scour and Silting of the Muddy Tidal Flat Near the Nanjian Cape of Zhuanghe City From 1938 to 2023

    • 摘要: 庄河南尖海岸是我国典型的岬湾型淤泥质海岸之一。近百年来,在流域和沿岸人类活动的影响下,海岸经历了复杂的演变过程,研究其演变特征对认识此类海岸地形演变具有重要意义。基于1938—2023年共85年不同时期的水深和遥感影像数据,利用3S技术分析潮滩及水下地形冲淤变化。结果表明:①自1938年以来南尖潮滩面积不断下降,至2023年面积减少85.74%,共减少49.68 km2,围垦活动是导致潮滩萎缩的主要因素;②水下地形整体处于淤积状态,平均淤积厚度为0.57 m,水下地形在数十年尺度上冲淤演变规律复杂,不同阶段呈现冲淤交替的演变趋势,稳定性较差;等深线变化显著,0 m等深线整体向陆蚀退0.47 km,2、5和8 m等深线分别向海推进0.66、0.99和0.16 km。

       

      Abstract: The Nanjian coast of Zhuanghe City is one of the typical cape-type muddy coasts in China and has experienced a complex evolution process under the influence of human activities in the watershed and along the coast for nearly a century. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the evolution features of this coast for understanding the evolution of such kind of coast topography. Based on a total of 85 (from 1938 to 2023) years of bathymetric data and remote sensing images, the changes in the scour and silting of tidal flat and underwater topography are analyzed by means of 3S technology. The results show that: ①The area of the Nanjian tidal flat has been decreasing since 1938, being reduced by 85.74% by 2023 and with a total decrease being 49.68 km2. And the main factor leading to the shrinkage of the tidal flat is reclamation. ②The underwater topography has been being in a siltation state on the whole, with an average siltation thickness being 0.57m. The evolution law of the scour and silting of the underwater topography is complicated on the scale of decades, tending to show an alternation of scour and silting at different stages and having a poor stability. The isobath lines vary significantly, with the 0m isobath line retreating 0.47 km toward the mainland on the whole, while the 2, 5 and 8 m isobath lines advancing 0.66, 0.99 and 0.16 km toward the sea, respectively.

       

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