Abstract:
Islands are an important part of natural resources. Currently, most of the islands in China are distributed in the form of island groups, archipelagos and island chains. Due to the unregulated and disordered quarrying and developing in the middle and late 20th century, most of the inhabited bedrock islands in the coastal areas of China are generally suffering from slope instability. This is not only threatening the safty of life and property of the island residents, but also destroying the ecological environment of the islands. It is, therefore, of great significance to monitor the slopes of the islands. Ensuring the stability and real-time transmission of slope monitoring data is the key to support the normal operation of the island slope monitoring system. However, there are currently still many gaps in research on the monitoring the multi-island and multi-slope in archipelagos. In this study, a monitoring network is designed by taking 25 damaged slopes in the Changdao Archipelago as the example. For the communication among multiple slopes within a single island, the communication among the islands and the communication between the monitoring center in archipelago and the remote data center on land, the characteristics and applicability of several common wireless communication technologies (e.g. Wi-Fi, ZigBee, 4G/5G, LoRa and NB-IoT) are compared. A comprehensive evaluation is conducted from the aspects of transmission distance, rate, time-delay, networking mode, battery life, stability and cost. The results show that the combination of LoRa with 4G can effectively meet the data transmission among the slopes within a single island. For the communications among the islands and between the monitoring center in archipelago and the remote data center on land, 4G technology is recommended to achieve efficient data exchange. Through the actual analysis of several damaged slopes in the Changdao Archipelago, the feasibility and effectiveness of the selected communication technology solutions are verified. The results of the study can provide references for the monitoring of slopes in other archipelagos.