数据传输技术在长岛群岛边坡变形监测中的应用

    Application of Data Transmission Technology in the Monitoring of Slope Deformation in the Changdao Archipelago

    • 摘要: 海岛是自然资源的重要组成部分,目前我国的海岛大多以列岛、群岛和岛链的形式分布。由于20世纪中后期粗放无序的采石开发,我国沿海多数有居民居住的基岩岛存在边坡失稳现象,这不仅威胁着海岛居民的生命财产安全,还会破坏海岛生态环境,因此对海岛边坡进行监测具有十分重要的意义。确保边坡监测数据稳定且实时传输,是支撑海岛边坡监测系统正常运行的关键。然而,目前对于群岛这类多岛屿、多边坡监测方面的研究仍存在大量空白。因此,以长岛群岛25处受损边坡为例,进行了监测网络的设计。针对单个岛屿内多处边坡间的通信、跨岛屿间的通信,以及群岛监测中心与远程陆域数据中心间的通信三种场景,比较了几种常见的无线通信技术(Wi-Fi、ZigBee、4G/5G、LoRa及NB-IoT)的特点与适用性。根据传输距离、速率、延时、组网方式、续航能力、稳定性和成本等多个维度进行了综合评估。研究结果表明:采用LoRa与4G结合的技术可以有效满足单个岛屿数据内边坡间的数据传输;而对于跨岛屿间的通信及群岛监测中心与远程陆域数据中心间的通信,则推荐使用4G技术,以确保高效的数据交换能力。通过对长岛群岛几处受损边坡的实测数据分析,验证了所选通信技术方案的可行性与有效性。研究成果可为其他群岛边坡的监测提供借鉴和参考。

       

      Abstract: Islands are an important part of natural resources. Currently, most of the islands in China are distributed in the form of island groups, archipelagos and island chains. Due to the unregulated and disordered quarrying and developing in the middle and late 20th century, most of the inhabited bedrock islands in the coastal areas of China are generally suffering from slope instability. This is not only threatening the safty of life and property of the island residents, but also destroying the ecological environment of the islands. It is, therefore, of great significance to monitor the slopes of the islands. Ensuring the stability and real-time transmission of slope monitoring data is the key to support the normal operation of the island slope monitoring system. However, there are currently still many gaps in research on the monitoring the multi-island and multi-slope in archipelagos. In this study, a monitoring network is designed by taking 25 damaged slopes in the Changdao Archipelago as the example. For the communication among multiple slopes within a single island, the communication among the islands and the communication between the monitoring center in archipelago and the remote data center on land, the characteristics and applicability of several common wireless communication technologies (e.g. Wi-Fi, ZigBee, 4G/5G, LoRa and NB-IoT) are compared. A comprehensive evaluation is conducted from the aspects of transmission distance, rate, time-delay, networking mode, battery life, stability and cost. The results show that the combination of LoRa with 4G can effectively meet the data transmission among the slopes within a single island. For the communications among the islands and between the monitoring center in archipelago and the remote data center on land, 4G technology is recommended to achieve efficient data exchange. Through the actual analysis of several damaged slopes in the Changdao Archipelago, the feasibility and effectiveness of the selected communication technology solutions are verified. The results of the study can provide references for the monitoring of slopes in other archipelagos.

       

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