考虑土隆发育的砂土中拖曳锚安装预测

    Prediction of Drag Anchor Installation in sandy soils by considering accumulation of soil heave

    • 摘要: 不同形式的深水锚均可用于系泊漂浮的油气平台或风机,其中拖曳锚因结构简单、综合成本低、拉重比高而成为了常用形式之一。在砂土中安装拖曳锚时,入土深度通常较浅,被拖动锚体的前方逐渐形成土隆,土隆显著影响被拖曳锚的入土深度和抗拉承载力,因此拖曳锚的安装预测分析需考虑土隆发育情况。基于此,本文提出了一种土隆发育模型,首先确定土隆计算边界,然后将逐渐累积的土隆自重作为锚体上覆土压力,用于求解拖曳锚抗拉力随拖动贯入的发挥过程。结合理论分析框架和提出的土隆发育模型,对比公开发表的离心机试验,验证了土隆发育模型的适用性。进而进行小比尺模型试验,定量评估了土隆对拖曳锚运动轨迹和抗拉力的影响。

       

      Abstract: Different types of deep-water anchors can all be used for mooring floating oil and gas platforms or wind turbines, of which the drag anchor becomes one of the most commonly used forms due to its simple structure, low overall cost and high anchor efficiency. When the drag anchor is installed in sandy soils, its penetration depth is usually shallow and there is a soil heave gradually formed in front of the dragged anchor. Because the soil heave has a significant impact on the penetration depth and holding capacity of the dragged anchor, it is nessenary to take the accumulative situation of the soil heave into acount when making the prediction analysis of the drag anchor installation. For this reason, an accumulation model of the soil heave has been proposed: First is to determine the calculation boundary of the soil heave, and then is to take the self-weight of the gradually accumulated soil heave as the soil pressure overlapping the anchor, which is used for the process of the anchor holding capacity developed with the drag and penetration. The applicability of the proposed soil heave accumulation model is verified by the theoretical analysis framework as well as the comparison with the published centrifuge tests. Then small-scale model tests are carried out and the influences of the soil heave on the holding capacity and motion trajectory of the drag anchor are quantitatively evaluated.

       

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