Abstract: With the rapid construction and deployment of offshore wind farms, the operation of wind turbines, substation platforms, and power collection systems generates electromagnetic interference to the surrounding environment. To mitigate the negative impacts of this interference, it is crucial to focus on the electromagnetic characteristics of wind turbines. This paper focuses on the analysis of the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of offshore wind farms. It systematically reviews the main methods currently used for this analysis, including experimental measurement methods, High-frequency approximation methods (such as the Method of Moments, Physical Optics, Physical Theory of Diffraction, Geometrical Optics, and Geometrical Theory of Diffraction), and full-wave numerical methods (such as the Finite Element Method and the Finite-Difference Time-Domain method). Through comparative analysis, the study Highlights the limitations of each method in practical applications. In response to these challenges, the paper proposes future research directions: incorporating multi-path effect analysis, expanding the applicability of models, integrating deep learning techniques to improve computational efficiency, and emphasizing the combination of multiple methods to achieve more accurate electromagnetic characteristic analysis. These research findings will provide important references for the optimal layout of offshore wind farms and the study of electromagnetic compatibility, thereby facilitating the intelligent and sustainable development of offshore wind power technology.