已填海工程施工对取砂区水文动力环境影响的回顾性分析

    Retrospective Analysis of the Impact of Marine Reclamation Project Construction on Hydrodynamic Environment in the Sand Extraction Area

    • 摘要: 曹妃甸工业区装备制造基地围海造地一期工程于2009年开始施工,至2010年完成围填海施工,施工采用海上取砂、吹填方式形成陆域,吹填场地标高为+4.5 m(曹妃甸最低理论潮面)。由于海洋形态具有整体性、运动形式复杂以及动力过程具有连续性等特征,海洋工程的作用会改变自然条件下的海洋水文动力状态,能直接或间接地影响地形地貌与冲淤状态、物质的输运、海水质量、沉积物质量以及底栖生物的生境等环境要素,所以海洋水文动力环境影响评价分析至关重要。本文以MIKE21模型为基础,采用二维潮流基本方程,参考历年实测所在海域水文资料,对装备制造基地围海造地一期工程填海施工前后对工程取砂区的水动力环境影响进行仿真模拟,通过潮流场计算结果验证,计算工程取砂区海域的潮流场变化,得到装备制造基地围海造地一期工程完成海上取砂、吹填施工后,取砂区域流速减小,最大减幅约为0.16 m/s,而在取砂区东侧和西侧流速有增大现象,最大增幅约0.14 m/s,流速变化超过0.005 m/s的区域可控制在取砂区2.5 km范围内,对区域整体水动力条件不会产生明显影响。

       

      Abstract: The first phase of the marine reclamation land project for the equipment manufacturing base in the Caofeidian Industrial Zone, called shortly as Manufacture Phase I Project, began to construct in 2009 and the construction of sea reclamation was completed in 2010. In the construction. sand extracting at the sea and blow-filling way were applied for the land formation. The elevation of the blow-filled area was +4.5m (i.e. the lowest theoretical tidal level in Caofeidian). Due to the holistic nature of ocean form, the complex pattern of motion and the continuity of dynamic process, the role of ocean engineering can alter the ocean hydrodynamic state under the natural conditions and affect directly or indirectly the environmental elements such as topography, geomorphology, erosion and deposition state, material transport, seawater quality, sediment quality, habitat of benthic organisms, and so on. Therefore, the analysis and assessment of marine hydrodynamic environmental impact are crucial. Based on the MIKE21 model and by using 2-D tidal current basic equation and referring to the hydrological data measured in the study area over the years, the impact on the hydrodynamic enivronment in the sand extraction area (where a warehousing and logistics project will be located) before and after the reclamation construction in the Manufacture Phase I Project is simulated. Through the verification of the calculation results of the tidal current field and the calculations of the changes of the tidal current field in the sand extraction area, it is obtained that after the constructions of the sand extraction and blow filling at the sea in the Manufacture Phase I Project, the tidal flow velocity in the sand extraction area decreases, with the maximum reduction being about 0.16 m/s, while on the east and west sides of the sand extraction area there is an increase in tidal flow velocity, with the maximum increase being about 0.14 m/s. The areas where the change in flow velocity exceeds 0.005 m/s can be controlled within a 2.5 km range of the sand extraction area, which will have no significant impact on the overall hydrodynamic conditions in the area.

       

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